louis



l. FLAMMANG PISTON. APPLICAHON FILED MAY 23. I918.

w w 2 m m hm m T n a I ME n. Z .l Illl l J I 1 a UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

FLAMMANG, OF ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI. ASSIGNOR 'IO OTTMAR G.

STARK, OF ST.

LOUIS, MISSOURI.

implication filed May 23. 1918.

M .Qt, VIN: lfllwfi. 1.11! l. l am l nunmxe, a m the l iilteil Hinton.residing at r I: iii-.srmri. new ini'e-nted a. new and lintnn. of\Yiiiil) the following in a ation.

invention relnte.- to M lons. 'i t ht tin il'n'eniimi in llllivikle 'ormoi Pt-lfill \VlIl 'lI will fnnetiun .and will: it illlgll degree 01"till "mom The n.- of' pinion rings or bind oi pe king and Whirl]. lelitiee given to the pinion in the "our n'lallnl'nrrtnr'o. presseselosely the v iuinder wall and prevents the 'r or n: age of the gas.steam. or other etm'. operating agent and at the some time m'orms to allrequirements of eilieiene x'. M 1 iner objeet is to provide a pintonromof :1 split ousting expanded and set M hanged .Qhnpe by n rhnngze inits vonstrm-tion so that when placed th cylinder for whirl] it inintended, on Will maintain close pressure the cylinder Wnll thri'lughontits n-lxrenee and thus make nnneeesnary .w-w of piston rings or packingof any ifi general object of the invention is to rovide on improvedpiston romposed of n wasting possessing the qualities and wristirshereinafter deserihei'l. ions other objects and advantages will ninrentfrom the following desrription lo ronrse of whieh reierenee is made tonreonnmnying drawings. illnetrnting Woten in several stages of itsconstruelaw rom the rough casting to the finished -"1.. and in Which iignre l is a View partly in section illusrniing a form of casting: whirhmay be i."%,l sntiefaetorily in the eonstinction of :i Heron inm-eordnnr-e with my present: invensplit rhnz" Specification of LettersPatent.

piished by PISTON.

Patented Aug. 10. 1920.

Serial No. 236.192.

its eircnmferentinl sn ris finished and made ready for the head plate tobe applied.

I i is ll] elevation of the finished p15 ton.

hi3. T i n seetionnl View of the piston mounted 'nllhlll :1 :ylnnler.

in the purtn-niar Form of the invention illlintrnted tht plslon body iscomposed of :2 lower ring 1. an upper ring 2 and a pair of'diametrieallyopposinvmmeefions It by \vhieh the up ier and lower rings are,intogrally nnitul. The vonneetiunn 3 '..re formed with inwardlyextending bosses 4 through \vhieh the holes for the wrist pins areformed. as will presently appear. and two alined arms 5 extend inwardlyfrom dimnetrienlly opposite sides of the rim 2 above the bosses 4. Enehof the arms J is formed with an upward extension 6 at its inner end,said extensions being a suitable distanee apart so that when it isdesired to eompress or tension the upper portion of the cylinder therewill be sufficient room for movement of the extensions 6 toward earhother. i

The ousting is then referably tapered slightly as illustrated in ig. 2in which the dotted lines 7 illustrate the original dimensions of thecasting, though this 0 oration may be dispensed with desired. per ring:2 of the'castingis then out on dia- 'Inetrieally opposite sides as shownat 8.

formed otherwise at the option of the manufaetnrer or user.

After the ring has been out in the manner cleseribedthe connections 3are placed under tension. As shown (Fig. 3) this is accomforoing a wedgeor block 9, or any proper implement, between the bosses l in order tospread apart the upper portion of the casting. While the casting is heldunder tension the casting is subjected to heat or otherwise treated, as,for instance, by ham mering, in order to change the moleculararrangement of the metal and set the materinl in its expanded shape.After the metal has been treated and has been set in its expanded shapethe alined holes 10 for the wrist pin and set in its eitpanded shapesaid upper portion being cxpansiblo and compressible whereby theresiliency of the metal will press the upper portion of the piston bodyagainst the Wall of the cylinder in which the piston is mounted; and awrist pin mounted in the expanded portion of the piston.

3. A piston composed of a tapering body whose upper portion is expandedand set in its expanded shape, said upper portion being cxpansiblc andcompressible, when by the resiliency of the metal will press the upperportion of the piston body against the wall of the cylinder in which thepiston is mounted; and a wrist pin mounted in the expanded portion ofthe piston and permitting expansion and compression of the piston abovethe wrist pin and preventing compression of the piston body below thewrist pin.

4. A piston comprising a body whose upper port ion is of a diameter inexcess of the diameter of the cylinder for which the piston is intended,and which is compressible into the cylinder whereby the material of thepiston is placed under tension; a wrist pin permitting expansion andcornprcssion of: the piston above the wrist pin. and preventingcompression of the piston below the wrist pin; and a top plate inconncction with the body of the piston.

5. A piston comprising a body whose up per portion is mechanicallyexpanded. and which is then set in its expanded shape; and a wrist pinattached in the piston body, the upper portion of the piston body beingcompressed under tension and finished to a size equal to the internalsize of the cylinder for which the piston is intended while the pistonis compressed.

6. A piston comprising a body composed of a lower ring, an open upperring, and connections integrally uniting the upper and lower rings, theupper ring being expanded to a size in of the diameter of the cylinderfor which the piston is intended and set in its expanded shape; a topplate for the piston; interlocking releasable colincrtion between thepiston body and the top plate; and a. wrist pin mounted in the pie tonafter it has been expanded.

7. A piston comprising a body composed of an integral lower ring, anopen upper ring, and connections interally uniting the upper and lowerrings; t e upper ring bein expanded tea size in excess of the size ofthe cylinder for which it is intended and set in its expanded shape; awrist pin secured to said connections; and a top plate connected to theupper rin and being of approximately the same diameter as the diameterof the cylinder for which the piston intended.

H. A piston comprising a body composed of a lower ring, a split upperrin expanded to a size in excess of the sizeof the cylinder for which itis intended, and being set by treatment in its expanded shape;connections integrally uniting the lower and upper rings; a. wrist pinmounted in said connections; a top plate secured to the upper ring; anda device closing the space between the ends of the upper rmg.

9. A piston comprising a body composed of a. lower ring, a split upperring expanded to a size in excess of the size of the cylinder for whichthe ring is intended, and being set in the expanded shape; connectionsintegrully uniting the lower and upper rings; a wrist pin rigid withsaid connections and limiting resilient action thereof; a top plate inwinner-lion with the upper ring; and keys holding the top plate inconnection with the upper ring and closing the space between the ends ofthe upper ring.

10. piston comprising a body, having a s lit. upper portion. sald upperportion having :1 radius of curvature greater than the radius ofcurvature of the cylinder for which the piston is intended, a top plateseated upon the split upper portion of the piston, and a. wrist pinsupported by the piston body.

11. A piston composed of a split body, a portion of which above thewrist pin 1s of a diameter greater than the diameter of the cylinder forwhich the piston is intended, said portion being expansible andcompressiblc, whereby the resiliency of the metal will press saidportion against the Wall of the cylinder in which the piston is mounted;a wrist pin supported by the piston body; a top plate supported by thepiston body; and means rclcasably holding the top plate in connectionwith the piston body.

J OHN FLAMMANG.

